Glossary

Active Release Techniques (ART): A­ patented, state of the art soft tissue system/movement based massage technique that treats problems with muscles, tendons, ligaments, fascia and nerves. Headaches, back pain, carpal tunnel syndrome, shin splints, shoulder pain, sciatica, plantar fasciitis, knee problems, and tennis elbow are just a few of the many conditions that can be resolved quickly and permanently with ART. These conditions all have one important thing in common: they are often a result of overused muscles.

Acupressure: Based on the same system as acupuncture, acupressure stimulates body pressure points using fingers and hands instead of needles, in order to restore a balanced flow of life energy (qi or chi, pronounced “chee”). This force moves through the body along 12 energy pathways, or meridians, which practitioners “unblock and strengthen”. Common styles include jin shin, which gently holds at least two points at once for a minute or more; and shiatsu, which applies firm pressure to each point for three to five seconds. (Also see shiatsu.) Tui na and Thai massage stimulate qi through acupressure hand movements, full-body stretches and Chinese massage techniques. (Also see tui na.) Other forms of acupressure include jin shin do, jin shin jyutsu and acu-yoga. Learn more at Acupressure.com.

Acupuncture: An ancient Oriental technique that stimulates the body’s ability to sustain and balance an electromagnetic life-force (qi or chi, pronounced “chee”) which is channeled in a continuous flow throughout the body via a network of “meridians”. Disease is understood as an imbalance in the meridian system. Diagnosis of an imbalance is made by “reading” the pulse, face, tongue and body energy. To correct it, a practitioner inserts acupuncture needles at specific points along the meridians to stimulate or disperse the flow of life force. Acupuncture principles include the yin and yang polarities and the associations of the five elements of fire, earth, metal, water and wood with bodily organs.

Aerial Yoga: Aerial yoga and aerial silk classes utilize fabric harnesses to suspend the body in the air for a novel fluid and acrobatic form of yoga. Aerial classes are suitable for all experience levels and can be used to relax joints and help realign the body.

Air Purification: The process of reducing contaminants in the air. Air purifiers are either passive (waiting for particulates to come to the device) or proactive (sending out the solution to the pollution). Filter-based purification traps airborne particles. UV lamps sterilize air that passes by the lamp via air currents or forced air. Photocatalytic oxidation (PCO) in-duct units are mounted in a forced-air HVAC system. Ionizers generate electrically charged ions to attract airborne particulates. Radiant Catalytic Ionization (RCI) uses a combination of UVX light and ionization to remove airborne particulates and sterilize surfaces. Ozone generators are used as whole-house air cleaners to remove major smoke odors, musty smells and toxic mold.

Alchemical Bodywork: Synthesizes bodywork techniques and hypnosis to address emotional sources of chronic tension and pain held in the body and facilitate their release. Practitioners are typically certified in massage, often in conjunction with hypnotherapy certification. Learn more at

AlchemyInstitute.com. 

Alexander Technique: This awareness practice helps identify and change unconscious, negative physical habits related to posture and movement, breathing and tension. While observing the way an individual walks, stands, sits or performs other basic movements, the practitioner keeps their hands in easy contact with the body and gently guides it to encourage a release of restrictive muscular tension. The technique is frequently used to treat repetitive strain injury or carpal tunnel syndrome, backaches and stiff necks and shoulders. Learn more at AlexanderTechnique.com.

Alkaline Water: Drinking water that has been treated through the use of a water ionizer. Proponents of alkaline water believe that high acidity in the body contributes to a number of physical illnesses and conditions, from fatigue and weight gain to more serious disorders. They believe that drinking alkaline water can help resolve these health problems by raising the body’s pH level.

Alternative Energy: Alternative energy is related to green living as it includes energy alternatives to traditional fossil fuels. The main drive behind alternative energy is to find renewable, eco-friendly sources of energy like solar or wind power.

 Amma Therapy: A specialized form of bodywork therapy, amma (which means “push-pull” in Chinese) combines energetic, rhythmic massage techniques on specific acupressure points to facilitate blood circulation, lymphatic drainage and muscular relaxation. Suitable for individuals in varying degrees of physical condition, amma addresses challenges related to stress and anxiety; neck, shoulder and low back pain; and digestive health.

 Ananda (Yoga): A form of gentle Hatha yoga with an emphasis on meditation. Ananda combines classic yoga postures with breathing and silent affirmations to attune with higher levels of body sense, energy and silent inner awareness. As an inner-directed practice, it has less appeal to those desiring a more athletic or aerobic experience.

Anusara (Yoga): Anusara means, “Go with the flow”, and blends spirituality with inner/outer alignment and balanced energetic actions. Developed by John Friend in 1997, this style urges students to think of poses as artistic expressions of the heart. Individual abilities and limitations are deeply respected and honored so Anusara yoga can be helpful for everyone and is good for beginners.

Aromatherapy: An ancient healing art that uses the essential oils of herbs and flowers to treat emotional disorders such as stress and anxiety and a wide range of other ailments. Oils are massaged into the skin, inhaled or added to a water bath. Often used in conjunction with massage therapy, acupuncture, reflexology, herbology and chiropractic or other holistic treatments.

Art Therapy:  Uses the creative process of making art to improve and enhance physical, mental and emotional well-being and to deepen self-awareness. The therapist makes a diagnosis and determines treatment plans by encouraging a client to express his or her feelings and unconscious thoughts through the nonverbal creative process and by observing the forms and content created.

Arvigo Techniques of Maya Abdominal Therapy^®:  Addresses position and health of the pelvic and abdominal organs. The work is best known for the correction of the prolapsed, fallen or tilted uterus, for the prevention and treatment of benign prostate enlargement in men and for relief of many common digestive disorders. This modality incorporates a holistic approach to health care which includes massage, anatomy and physiology, herbology, nutrition, and emotional and spiritual healing.

Ashiatsu Oriental Bar Therapy: Developed by American Ruthie Hardee, it combines elements of traditional Thai massage, barefoot shiatsu and Keralite foot massage (chavutti thirummal) for the treatment of chronic low-back and hip pain. Using overhead wooden bar supports, the therapist employs body weight and gliding foot strokes to apply compression massage along strategic points in the back muscles to relieve irritations on the spinal nerve caused by inflammation and swelling. Learn more at Deepfeet.com.

Ashtanga (Yoga): A physically demanding style that is light on meditation, Ashtanga yoga employs a fast-paced series of flowing poses to build strength, flexibility and stamina. Developed by Indian yoga master Sri K. Pattabhi Jois, Ashtanga’s progressively difficult postures are synchronized with a loud breath (called Ujyaii breath in Sanskrit) and are designed to produce intense internal heat and purifying sweat in order to detoxify muscles and organs. The room is usually heated to warm muscles and increase flexibility. Preferred by many athletes, this style is too intense and demanding for most beginners.

Aston Kinetics (or Aston Patterning): Created by bodywork visionary Judith Aston in 1977, this integrated system of movement education recognizes the influence of the body-mind relationship on well-being. It incorporates bodywork, massage, ergonomic adjustments and fitness training in order to ease acute or chronic pain. Learn more at AstonKinetics.com.

 Ayurveda: The oldest medical system known to man and a comprehensive spiritual teaching practiced in India for 4,000 years. It focuses on achieving and maintaining perfect health via the balance of the elements air, fire and water (illness is considered an excess of any element). A patient’s body type, determined according to Ayurveda principles, is the basis for individualized dietary regimens and other preventive therapeutic interventions. Ayurveda prescriptions might include purification procedures for the restoration of biological rhythms; experience of expanded consciousness through meditation; nutritional counseling; stress reduction; enhancing neuromuscular conditions; and behavioral modification.

Ayurvedic Massage: One part of panchakarma, a traditional East Indian detoxification and rejuvenation program, in which the entire body is vigorously massaged with large amounts of warm oil and herbs to remove toxins. With the client’s permission, oil is also poured into the ears, between the eyebrows and applied to specific chakras, or body energy centers, in techniques known respectively as karna purana, shirodhara and marma chikitsa. These treatments, modified to meet the needs of the West, powerfully affect the mind and nervous system—calming, balancing and bringing a heightened sense of awareness and deep inner peace.

Ayurvedic massage techniques are grounded in an understanding of the primordial energies of the five elements—ether, air, fire, water and earth—and of the three basic types of energies, or constitutions, that are present in everyone and everything—vata, pitta and kapha. A knowledgeable therapist selects and customizes various ayurvedic massage techniques by selecting the rate and pressure of massage strokes and the proper oils and herbs. Learn more at AyurvedicMassage.com.

Bee Venom Therapy (BVT): The therapeutic application of honeybee venom, through live bee stings, to bring relief and healing for various spinal, neural, joint or musculoskeletal ailments.

Bikram (Yoga): A strenuous style, designed to make students sweat, taught in rooms heated to a minimum of 105º Fahrenheit, with about 40 percent humidity. The superheated rooms facilitate stretching and allow the body to release toxins through perspiration. Former national India yoga champion Bikram Choudhury developed the style, whose 26 demanding poses are performed in a specific order, to promote optimal health and proper function of every bodily system. Bikram yoga is a good choice for highly fit individuals and seasoned students seeking a challenge.

Biodegradable: Capable of decomposing rapidly into elements found in nature, such as water, carbon dioxide and organic matter, when exposed to sunlight, air, water and microorganisms.

Bioenergetics plus Core Energetics: A combination of physical and psychological techniques that identifies and frees areas of repressed physical and emotional trauma in the body. Deep breathing, various forms of massage and physical exercises release layers of chronic muscular tension and defensiveness, termed “body armor”. The unlocking of feelings creates the opportunity to better understand and integrate them with other aspects of oneself. Core Energetics is based on the principles of bioenergetics, but acknowledges spirituality as a key dimension of healing. Learn more at usabp.org.

 Biofeedback: A relaxation technique that monitors internal body states and is used especially for stress-related conditions such as asthma, migraines, insomnia and high blood pressure. During biofeedback, patients monitor minute metabolic changes (e.g., temperature, heart rate and muscle tension), with the aid of sensitive machines. By consciously thinking, visualizing, moving, relaxing, etc., they learn which activities produce desirable changes in the internal processes being monitored.

Bio-fuel: Fuel derived from renewable biological material, including plant-derived fuels like ethanol and biodiesel, as well as methane, which is emitted from landfills and livestock manure management systems during the anaerobic (without oxygen) decomposition of organic material. Methane is a potent greenhouse gas when released into the environment. Therefore, recovery and combustion of methane to produce energy can help to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

Bio-Identical Hormone Replacement (BHRT): The treatment of the symptoms of menopause (and its male equivalent, andropause) through the use of hormones produced using raw materials derived from plant sources that have the same chemical structure as those naturally produced by the body. Many compounding pharmacies have staff trained in Bio-Identical Hormone Replacement Therapy (BHRT), which is thought by its proponents to have fewer risks and side effects than traditional methods of hormone replacement.

Birth Networks: Birth Networks all over the world are promoting, supporting and protecting mother-friendly births. By making informed choices and having confidence in the process, families can experience safe and satisfying childbirth.

BodyTalk: Developed by chiropractor and acupuncturist Dr. John Veltheim, BodyTalk is based upon bio-energetic psychology, dynamic systems theory, Chinese medicine and applied kinesiology. By integrating tapping, breathing and focusing techniques, BodyTalk helps the body synchronize and balance its systems and strengthens its capability of self-repair. BodyTalk is used to address a range of health challenges, ranging from chronic fatigue and allergies to addictions and cellular damage. Practitioners are usually licensed massage therapists (LMT) or bodyworkers. Learn more at BodyTalkSystem.com.

Bodywork: Massage and the physical practices of yoga are perhaps the best-known types of bodywork; both have proven successful in relieving tension and stress, promoting blood flow, loosening stiff muscles and stimulating the organs. Massage therapies encompass countless techniques, including Swedish massage, shiatsu and Rolfing. The same is true for yoga. Other types of bodywork include martial arts practices like aikido, ki aikido and Tai chi chuan. Some others are the Alexander technique, Aston patterning, Bowen, Breema bodywork, Feldenkrais method, Hellerwork, polarity therapy, Rosen method, Rubenfeld synergy and Trager. Finding bodywork that improves mental and physical health is a highly individual process. Several types may be combined for the greatest benefit.

Bowen Technique (also called Bowtech and Bowenwork): This muscle and connective tissue therapy employs gentle, purposeful moves, through light clothing, to help rebalance the autonomic nervous system (ANS). The practitioner’s subtle inputs deliver signals to the ANS at specific locations—muscles, tendons, ligaments or nerves—and the body responds in its own time, within its vital capacity. The technique is named after its originator, Australian Tom Bowen, who also introduced the concept of inserting periods of rest between a series of movements within a treatment session. Sometimes called the homeopathy of bodywork, Bowtech addresses imbalances and both acute and chronic pain. Learn more at Bowtech.com.

Breema Bodywork: Often described as a cross between partner yoga and Thai massage, Breema is a movement technique designed to restore vitality at an energetic level. It employs standardized sets of movements, based upon more than 300 sequences, none of which require strong exertions or muscular contortions. Breema techniques, which identify and emphasize nine principles of harmony, can be administered by a practitioner or by the individual as Self-Breema. The therapy originated in the Kurdish village of Breemava, in Western Asia. Learn more at Breema.com.

 Carbon Footprint: The total amount of carbon dioxide, the principal greenhouse gas, emitted over the full life cycle of a product or service. Also, stands for an individual or family’s total carbon dioxide contribution resulting from their activities, including energy use and vehicle driving habits.

 Carbon Neutral: An entity or process that achieves net zero carbon footprints by obviating or offsetting more carbon emissions than it produces.

 Carbon Offset: A carbon emissions reduction credit that represents investment in a project that reduces greenhouse gas emissions by funding clean energy projects, such as wind farms, which displace energy produced from polluting fossil fuels. Carbon offset credits are a way for individuals and businesses to offset the carbon emissions produced through daily activities.

 Carbon Sequestration: A natural or engineered process that captures and stores carbon emissions to prevent their release into the atmosphere and help mitigate global warming. Natural sequestration occurs when forests, soil and oceans absorb CO₂, release the oxygen and store the carbon. Non-natural processes involve capturing carbon emissions from industrial processes and pumping them deep underground for long-term storage.

 Chelation Therapy: A safe, painless, nonsurgical medical procedure that improves metabolic and circulatory function by removing undesirable heavy metals such as lead, mercury, cadmium and copper from the body. A series of intravenous injections of the synthetic amino acid EDTA are administered, usually in an osteopathic or medical doctor’s office. The EDTA blocks excessive free radical production, protecting tissues and organs from further damage. Over time, injections may halt the progress of the underlying condition that triggers the development of various degenerative conditions such as diabetes, arthritis, Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s diseases, and cancer.

 Chi Nei Tsang (CNT): Principles of kung fu and tai chi chuan, known as chi-kung (or qigong) support this holistic approach to massage therapy. CNT literally means, “energy transformation of the internal organs”, and practitioners focus mainly on the abdomen, with deep, soft and gentle touches, to train the organs to work more efficiently. It addresses the acupuncture meridian system (chi) and all other bodily systems—digestive, respiratory, cardiovascular, lymphatic, nervous, endocrine, urinary, reproductive and muscular-skeletal—along with unprocessed emotional charges. Learn more at ChiNeiTsang.com.

 Childbirth Preparation:  Childbirth classes for expectant families help them be better prepared for natural childbirth, breastfeeding and parenting. They cover relaxation techniques, exercise, nutrition, anatomy, stages of the birthing process, birth positions, postpartum recovery, caring for and feeding the newborn, and consumer issues.  Childbirth educators are certified by one or more organizations, having studied that organization’s specific birthing philosophy. Some focus on relaxation and pain-coping techniques. Some encourage women to recognize and use their innate abilities and intuition to birth. Hypnosis for childbirth is a method of childbirth preparation that uses hypnotic techniques, imagery and positive affirmations to create a calm, comfortable birth experience.

Chinese Medicine: Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is one of the world’s oldest and most complete systems of holistic health care. It combines the use of medicinal herbs, acupuncture, food therapy, massage and therapeutic exercise, along with the recognition that wellness in mind, body and emotions depends on the harmonious flow of life-force energy (qi or chi, pronounced “chee”).

Chiropractic: Based on the premise that proper structural alignment permits free flow of nerve activity in the body. When spinal vertebrae are out of alignment, they put pressure on the spinal cord and the nerves radiating from it, potentially leading to diminished function and illness. Misalignment can be caused by physical trauma, poor posture and stress. The chiropractor seeks to analyze and correct these misalignments through spinal manipulation or adjustment.

Colon Therapy: An internal bath that washes away old toxic waste accumulated along the walls of the colon. It is administered with pressurized water by a professional using special equipment. A colonic irrigation is the equivalent of approximately four to six enemas and cleans out matter that collects in the pockets and kinks of the colon. The treatment is used as both a corrective process and for prevention of disease. Colonics are used for ailments such as constipation, psoriasis, acne, allergies, headaches and the common cold.

Color Therapy & Colorpuncture: Color therapists believe that the vibrations of color waves can directly affect body cells and organs. Thus, different hues can treat illnesses and improve physical, emotional and spiritual health. Many practitioners also claim that the body emits an “aura,” or energy field, with colors reflecting a person’s state of health. Color therapists apply colored lights or apply color mentally, through suggestion, to restore the body’s physical and psychic health. Colorpuncture combines the insights of light physics with the knowledge of the meridian points emphasized in Chinese acupuncture. The noninvasive technique is used to clear blockages in the meridians and restore healthy energy flow. Kirlian photographs track improvements. Another related sensory healing technique is light therapy, which attempts to restore well-being and can be successful in treating the depression known as Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD).

Compostable: Organic matter that will decompose into a nutrient-rich material under aerobic (with oxygen) conditions.

Conscious Living: As we become increasingly aware of the interdependence of humans, animals and the planet, progressive businesses are concerning themselves with far more than the bottom line. They know that today’s consumers are willing to invest in what they believe in, from fair-trade goods to animal-friendly and environmentally sound products and services.

 Counseling / Psychotherapy: These terms encompass a broad range of practitioners, from career counselors, who offer advice and information, to psychotherapists, who treat depression, stress, addiction and emotional issues. Formats can vary from individual counseling to group therapy. In addition to verbal counseling techniques, some holistic therapists may use bodywork, ritual, energy healing and other alternative modalities as part of their practice.

Craniosacral Therapy (CST): The practitioner applies manual therapeutic procedures to remedy distortions in the structure and function of the craniosacral mechanism—the brain and spinal cord, the bones of the skull, the sacrum and interconnected membranes. Craniosacral work is based upon two major premises: the bones of the skull can be manipulated because they never completely fuse; and the pulse of the cerebrospinal fluid can be balanced by a practitioner trained to detect pulse variations. CST, also referred to as cranial osteopathy, is used to treat chronic pain, migraine headaches, temporomandibular joint disorder (TMJ), ear and eye problems, balance problems, learning difficulties, dyslexia and hyperactivity.

Dance / Movement Therapy: A method of expressing thoughts and feelings through movement, developed during the 1940s. Participants, guided by trained therapists, are encouraged to move freely, sometimes to music. Dance/movement therapy can be practiced by people of all ages to promote self-esteem and gain insight into their own emotional problems, but is also used to help those with serious mental and physical disabilities. In wide use in the United States, this modality is becoming established around the world.

Decluttering: Based on the theory that clutter drains both physical and mental energy. Decluttering involves two components. The first focuses on releasing things (clothing, papers, furniture, objects and ideas) that no longer serve a good purpose in one’s life. The second focuses on creating a simple system of personal organization that is easy to maintain and guards against accumulating things that are neither necessary nor nourishing.

Decompression Therapy: A nonsurgical means of relieving pain to the lower back and neck and is often referred to as spinal decompression therapy. Decompression therapy is a spinal disc rehabilitation program that slowly and gently stretches the area of the spine while decompressing the discs

Deep Tissue Bodywork: In this method, stretching and moving the connective tissue that envelops the muscles (fascia) works to lengthen and balance the body along its natural, vertical axis. Distortions of the connective tissue may be caused by internal reactions and complications due to accidents, emotional tensions or past unreleased traumas. The practitioner uses slow strokes, direct pressure or friction across the muscles via fingers, thumbs or elbows. Deep tissue massage works to detoxify tissue by helping to remove accumulated lactic acid and other waste products from the muscles. The therapy is used to ease or eliminate chronic muscular pain or inflammatory pain from arthritis, tendonitis and other ailments, and help with injury rehabilitation. Learn more at DeepBodywork.com.

 Dentistry (Holistic): Regards the mouth as a microcosm of the entire body. The oral structures and the whole body are seen as a unit. Holistic dentistry often incorporates such methods as homeopathy, biocompatibility testing and nutritional counseling. Most holistic dentists emphasize wellness and preventive care, while avoiding (and often recommending the removal of silver-mercury fillings).

Detoxification: The practice of resting, cleansing and nourishing the body from the inside out. According to some holistic practitioners, accumulated toxins can drain the body of energy and make it more susceptible to disease. Detoxification techniques may include fasts, special diets, sauna sweats and colon cleansing.

Directional Non-Force Technique (DNFT): The original non- or low-force technique of chiropractic developed by Dr. Richard Van Rumpt. At the heart of the technique is a method of challenging and leg measuring (similar to muscle testing) to detect the presence and location of spinal misalignment (subluxation), and a thumb thrust for correction. Structures included in analysis and corrections are vertebrae, ribs, muscles, discs, cranial, soft tissues, extremities, and some ligaments.

Features of DNFT are:

• A direct analysis of disc subluxation and a direct correction for a bulging or even herniated disc.
• The ability to distinguish between nerve interference being produced by muscles, vertebrae, discs or any combination thereof.
• A knee correction, which includes all osseous structures, ligaments, meniscus, and related muscles.
• A comprehensive TMJ/cranial correction.

Doula: A woman who supports an expectant mother through pregnancy, labor, birth and the postpartum period. Studies indicate that support in labor has profound benefits, including shorter labor, less desire for pain medication, lower rate of Caesarian delivery and more ease in initiation of breast-feeding. Fathers have reported that they were more relaxed with a doula present because they felt reassured and therefore freer to support their mates.

Electrical Noise Filtration: “Dirty electricity” is a newly recognized and ubiquitous pollutant. It refers to unusable electrical energy, which produces harmonics in the electrical power lines. Filtration reduces the potential for electrical leakage into the human environment and the creation of additional “trash” (dirty electricity), and protects appliances and electronic devices.

Emotional Freedom Technique (EFT): EFT is an emotional therapy process based on the Chinese meridian, or energy system, to heal diseases and physical ailments. Through the EFT self-help process, one mentally tunes in to specific issues while tapping on meridian points with the fingertips. This tapping stimulates corresponding areas of the body, thus balancing disturbances in the meridian system and allowing non-serving emotions to be released. View free tutorial at EmoFree.com.

Energy-Efficient: A system or product that uses a reduced amount of energy compared to one of comparable size and quality by using advanced technology and/or special design features.

Energy Star: A joint program through the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the U.S. Department of Energy that sets energy efficiency guidelines for products, homes and businesses. (See EnergyStar.gov.)

 Environmental Medicine: Explores the role of dietary and environmental allergens in health and illness. Factors such as dust, mold, chemicals and certain foods may cause allergic reactions that can dramatically influence diseases, ranging from asthma and hay fever to headaches and depression.

 Enzyme Therapy: Can be an important first step in restoring health and well-being by helping to remedy digestive problems. Plant and pancreatic enzymes are used in complementary ways to improve digestion and absorption of essential nutrients. Treatment includes enzyme supplements, coupled with a healthy diet that features whole foods.

Fair Trade: Fair trade includes sustainable, environmentally sound agricultural practices, just like green living, and focuses specifically on fair labor practices and fair prices for farmer’s crops across national borders.

 Feldenkrais Method: This distinctive approach combines movement training, gentle touch and verbal dialogue to help students straighten out what founder Moshé Pinhas Feldenkrais calls, “kinks in the brain.” Kinks are learned movement patterns that no longer serve a constructive purpose. They may have been adopted to compensate for a physical injury or to accommodate individuality in the social world. Students of the Feldenkrais Method unlearn unworkable movements and discover better, personalized ways to move, using mind-body principles of slowed action, conscious breathing, body awareness and thinking about their feelings.

Feldenkrais takes two forms: In individual hands-on sessions (Functional Integration), the practitioner’s touch is used to address the student’s breathing and body alignment. In a series of classes of slow, non-aerobic motion (Awareness Through Movement), students “relearn” improved ways their bodies can move. Feldenkrais therapy is useful in the treatment of muscle injuries, back pain, arthritis, stress and tension. Learn more at Feldenkrais.com.

Feng Shui: The ancient Chinese art of positioning objects according to the laws of Heaven (spiritual) and Earth (natural) to create a living and working environment that facilitates a harmonious and positive flow of energy to improve one’s life. Proper practice of feng shui is meant to create and maintain good health, wealth, relationships, creativity and more. Consultants can be an asset by assisting with proper placement of objects within personal and business spaces, either before or after the spaces are created.

 Flower Remedies: Flower essences are recognized for their ability to improve well-being by eliminating negative emotions. In the 1930s, English physician Edward Bach concluded that negative emotions could lead to physical illness. His research also convinced him that flowers possessed healing properties that could be used to treat emotional problems. In the 1970s, Richard Katz completed Bach’s work and established the Flower Essence Society, which has registered some 100 essences from flowers in more than 50 countries.

Food Miles: The distance food travels between its place of origin and consumption.

 Fossil Fuels: Solid, liquid or gaseous fuels formed underground millions of years ago, by the decay and fossilization of dead organisms. The resulting fossil fuels, including coal, oil and natural gas, are nonrenewable because they take millions of years to form. Burning fossil fuels releases pollutants into the atmosphere, including greenhouse gases that are altering the Earth’s carbon cycle and destabilizing the climate.

 Functional Medicine: A personalized medicine that focuses on primary prevention and deals with underlying causes, instead of symptoms, for serious chronic diseases. Treatments are grounded in nutrition and improved lifestyle habits and may make use of medications. The discipline uses a holistic approach to analyze and treat interdependent systems of the body and to create the dynamic balance integral to good health.

Global Warming: An increase in the average global temperature brought on by the gradual and steady increase in greenhouse gases that trap the sunlight’s heat in the atmosphere.

 Green Building: An approach to site selection, building orientation, design and construction that minimizes a structure’s impact on the environment. Green building considerations include minimizing site disturbance and construction waste; employing renewable technologies for heating, cooling and electrical systems; and incorporating sustainable, recycled, low-water and energy-efficient materials and products.

Green Living: Green living is an attempt to carry out your life in an eco-friendly, environmentally responsible manner or an attempt to minimize the size of your ecological footprint. Green living concerns itself with a range of topics and practices including conservation of resources, recycling, sustainability, green construction, alternative energy, organic food choices, and other environmental topics.

Green Technology: Green technology (or environmental technology), a subset of green living, refers to various sciences whose aim is to advance technology to help conserve and protect the environment, like recycling or renewable energy.

 Greenhouse Gases: Gases that allow solar radiation to enter the Earth’s atmosphere and warm its surface, but prevent thermal radiation from escaping from the atmosphere, thereby contributing to global warming. Greenhouse gas emissions come primarily from the combustion of fossil fuels to produce energy.

 Greenwashing: A deliberate attempt by a business or entity to mislead the public into believing a product, service, company or practice is environmentally sensitive when in fact it is not.

Guided Imagery & Creative Visualization: Uses positive thoughts, images and symbols to focus the mind on the workings of the body to accomplish a particular goal, desired outcome or physiological change, such as pain relief or healing of disease. This flow of thought can take many forms and involve, through the imagination, all the physical senses. Imagination is an important element of the visualization process; it helps create a mental picture of what is desired in order to transform life circumstances.

Hakomi Therapy: Body-centered, experiential, transformational therapy. Clients are guided with mindfulness and loving presence into a deep understanding and healing of previously unconscious, detrimental patterns. Integrating scientific, psychological, and spiritual sources, Hakomi has evolved into a complex and elegant form of psychotherapy that is highly effective with a wide range of issues. The method draws from general systems theory and modern body-centered therapies including Gestalt, Psychomotor, Feldenkrais, Focusing, Ericksonian Therapy, Neurolinguistic Programming, and the work of Wilhelm Reich and Alexander Lowen. Core concepts of gentleness, nonviolence, compassion, and mindfulness evolved from Buddhism and Taoism.

Healing Touch: A non-invasive, relaxing and nurturing energy therapy that helps to restore physical, emotional, mental and spiritual balance and support self-healing. A gentle touch is used on or near the fully clothed client to influence the body’s inner energy centers and exterior energy fields. Healing touch is used to ease acute and chronic conditions, assist with pain management, encourage deep relaxation and accelerate wound healing.

Hellerwork: Expanding upon the principals of Rolfing, Hellerwork combines deep tissue bodywork with movement education and the dialogue of the mind-body connection. Joseph Heller, the first president of the Rolf Institute, believed that specific movement exercises could help individuals move more efficiently, maintain alignment and mobility and enjoy fuller and easier breathing, as well as increased energy. Although primarily a preventive therapy, Hellerwork also helps alleviate stress-related disorders and musculoskeletal aches and pains. Learn more at Hellerwork.com.

HEMME Approach: Derived from elements of physical medicine, chiropractic, osteopathy and physical therapy, HEMME (history, evaluation, modalities, manipulation and exercise) was developed in 1986 by Licensed Massage Therapist Dave Leflet to treat soft tissue injuries and impairments. Pain relief results from restoring alignment and improving myofascial dysfunction. Learn more at HemmeApproach.com.

 Herbal Medicine: This oldest form of medicine uses natural plants in a wide variety of forms for their therapeutic value. Herbs produce and contain various chemical substances that act upon the body to strengthen its natural functions without the negative side effects of synthetic drugs. They may be taken internally or applied externally via teas, tinctures, extracts, oils, ointments, compresses and poultices.

 Holotropic Breathwork: A self-exploration technique that combines breathing, evocative music and a specific form of bodywork to integrate one’s physical, psychological and spiritual dimensions. At workshops run by facilitators, participants try to access the four “levels” of experience that are available during breathing: sensory, biographical, perinatal and transpersonal. By accessing buried memories, individuals can relive their birth experience or traumatic life events, free up ‘stuck’ emotional viewpoints or experience a mystical state of awareness, such as connecting with the Universe.

Homeopathy: A therapy that uses small doses of specially prepared plants and minerals to stimulate the body’s defense mechanisms and healing processes in order to cure illness. Homeopathy, taken from the Greek words homeos, meaning “similar”, and pathos, meaning “suffering”, employs the concept that “like cures like”. A remedy is individually chosen for a person based on its capacity to cause, if given in an overdose, physical and psychological symptoms similar to those the patient is experiencing.

Hoshino Therapy: Professor Tomezo Hoshino’s technique integrates the principles of acupuncture with the art of hand therapy. Accredited as a doctor of acupuncture, he found that in cases of arthrosis (osteoarthritis) and other painful ailments associated with soft tissue aging, acupuncture afforded only temporary relief. Hoshino Therapy is often used to ease soft tissue disorders such as bursitis, tendonitis, muscular tension and back pain.

 Hybrid (vehicle): A vehicle that combines two energy sources to power a car—the most popular being hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) in which a gas-powered engine and a battery-powered electric motor work in tandem to decrease fuel consumption.

 Hydrotherapy: The use of water, ice, steam and hot and cold temperatures to maintain and restore health. Treatments include full-body immersion, steam baths, saunas, sitz baths, colonic irrigation and the application of hot and/or cold compresses. Hydrotherapy is effective for treating a wide range of conditions and can easily be used at home as part of a self-care program.

Hypnotherapy: A range of hypnosis techniques that allow practitioners to bypass the conscious mind and access the subconscious. The altered state that occurs under hypnosis has been compared to a state of deep meditation or transcendence, in which the innate recuperative abilities of the psyche are allowed to flow more freely. The subject can achieve greater clarity regarding his or her own wants and needs, explore other events or periods of life that require resolution, or generally develop a more positive attitude. Often used to help people lose weight or stop smoking, it is also used in the treatment of phobias, stress and as an adjunct to the treatment of illnesses.

 Integral (Yoga): A gentle style of yoga brought to this country in 1966 by Sri Swami Satchidananda. Classes are structured to balance physical effort with relaxation and include breathing practices, chanting and both guided and silent meditation. Integral yoga is suitable for beginners and helpful for more advanced students who wish to deepen their physical and spiritual awareness.

Integrative Manual Therapy (IMT): A combination of diagnostic and treatment methodologies that assess and treat pain, dysfunction, disease and disability. Developed by Sharon Giammatteo over 30-plus years, IMT is intended to address the complex needs of patients. IMT practitioners identify and address the underlying causes of dysfunction using a comprehensive and holistic approach. While IMT diagnostics and treatment modalities are predominately hands-on, IMT also integrates a wide range of diagnostic and treatment technologies, nutritional programs (i.e. natural supplements, diet and herbs), and IMT body-based psychotherapeutic approaches to develop a customized solution for a patient’s needs.

Integrative Medicine: This holistic approach combines conventional Western medicine with complementary alternative treatments, in order to simultaneously treat mind, body and spirit. Geared to the promotion of health and the prevention of illness, it neither rejects conventional medicine nor accepts alternative therapies, without serious evaluation.

Integrative Yoga Therapy: Gentle postures, guided imagery, assisted stretching and breathwork help to make this yoga a useful style for rehab centers and hospitals. Joseph LePage began this therapy in the early 1990s to help promote healing and well-being for individuals facing heart disease, cancer, AIDS and psychiatric disorders.

 Ionic Foot Detox: This machine is a modern energy therapy device that balances the body’s natural energy system. By introducing a high level of negative ions into the water of a foot bath, the feet, utilizing principles of reflexology and the science of ionization and osmosis, create a positive cellular environment and enable the body’s natural detoxification processes to function at their peak.

Iridology: Analysis of the delicate structure of the iris, the colored portion of the eye, to reveal information about conditions within the body. More than 90 specific zones on each iris, for a combined total of 180-plus zones, correspond to specific areas of the body. Because body weaknesses are often noticeable in the iris long before they are discernible through blood work or other laboratory analysis, iridology can be a useful tool for preventive self-care.

Iyengar (Yoga): Noted for precise alignment and symmetry of postures, the development of balance, and the use of props such as blocks, balls and belts. Based on an exceptional understanding of how the body works, the Iyengar style of yoga was developed by B.K.S. Iyengar. Poses are held longer than usual. Iyengar is a good style for beginners but can challenge seasoned practitioners as well.

Jin Shin Jyutsu: A form of acupressure refined from ancient Japanese traditions, jin shin jyutsu acts to harmonize the life force within. Practitioners evaluate pulses, body conformation and symptoms to customize sessions designed to alleviate discomfort while addressing its cause(s). Utilizing the hands as jumper cables to reawaken bodily energy, sequences of vital energy points are held to guide, redirect and reestablish harmony in spirit, mind and body. Learn more at jsjinc.net.

Kinesiology / Applied Kinesiology: The study of muscles and their movement. Applied kinesiology tests the relative strength and weakness of selected muscles to identify decreased function in body organs and systems, as well as imbalances and restrictions in the body’s energy flow. Some tests use acupuncture meridians and others analyze interrelationships among muscles, organs, the brain and the body’s energy field. Applied kinesiology is also used to check the body’s response to treatments that are being considered.

Kripalu (Yoga): An integrated practice that emphasizes breathing and alignment and coordinates the breath with movement. Amrit Desai, a long-time student of Kundalini yoga master Swami Kripaluvananda, developed Kripalu, also called the yoga of consciousness. This style incorporates three stages of development, beginning with postural alignment and progressing to meditation, with longer posture holding, finally creating a meditation in motion, where the movement from one posture to another happens unconsciously and spontaneously. Students are encouraged to honor “the wisdom of the body” and to work according to the limits of their flexibility and strength. Kripalu is suitable for everyone from beginners to advanced students.

Kundalini (Yoga): A powerful, enlightening style that incorporates mantras (chanting), meditation, visualization, breathing and guided relaxation, with precise postures. According to Hindu philosophy, kundalini is a concentrated form of prana, or life force, represented by a coiled, sleeping serpent said to reside at the base of the spine. When breath and movement awaken the serpent (energy), it moves up the spine through each of the seven chakras (energy centers) of the body, bringing energy and bliss. Once a closely guarded secret in India, kundalini yoga was first brought to the West in 1969 and has been known to help with addictions and releasing endorphins in the body. Kundalini will not appeal to everyone and should be practiced under the supervision of an experienced teacher.

La Ho Chi- 13^th Octave^TM: An ancient, gentle hands-on healing modality that conducts Life/God force energy to effect wholeness, balance and well being. La is light and love, Ho is the movement of life-force energy throughout all aspects of your being, and Chi is life-force energy (aka prana, ki). The 13^th Octave^TM is a higher frequency, a transcendental energy plane of existence and a state of being anchored in the Heart of God’s Love.  The practitioner becomes centered in this frequency, plane and state in order to be a clear vessel of Chi. The innate intelligence of Chi delivers physical, mental, emotional and spiritual benefits which clear, open, align, balance, sooth, revitalize and heal both the recipient and practitioner according to need.

LaStone Therapy Stone Massage: This soothing form of massage employs smooth, heated or cooled stones to elicit physical healing, mental relaxation and a spiritual connection with Earth’s energy. Stones are placed at different spots on the body for energy balancing or may be used by the therapist on specific trigger points. Warm stones encourage the exchange of blood and lymph and provide relaxing heat for deep-tissue work. Cold stones aid with inflammation, moving blood out of the affected area and balancing male/female energies. The alternating heat and cold of thermotherapy helps activate all of the body’s healing processes with a rapid exchange of blood and oxygen and an alternating rise and fall of respiration rate as the body seeks homeostasis. Learn more at LaStoneTherapy.com.

Learning Therapy: An interactive, non-drug treatment for learning challenges (like ADD/ADHD or classroom behavioral issues) or for enhancing learning, often through patterns of movement thought to stimulate neural pathways. Types of learning therapy include programs/curricula designed by Brain Gym and the Seattle-based HANDLE Institute.

LED:  An acronym for light-emitting diode: An extremely energy-efficient, long-life light source.

 LEED: An acronym for Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design; a green building certification program developed by the U.S. Green Building Council. This nationwide program provides guidelines for residential and commercial construction projects aimed at improving energy savings, water efficiency and indoor environmental quality, reducing CO₂ emissions and heightening stewardship of resources and sensitivity to their impacts. (Visit usgbc.org.)

 Life Coach: A professional who helps clients identify their personal and/or professional goals and designs a plan or institute techniques for achieving them. The life coach works with clients to recognize and overcome any obstacles that may interfere with achievement of those goals.

Locavore: A person who eats only locally grown and raised food in order to support local economies, sustainable agriculture and independent farms.

LooyenWork: This painless, deep-tissue approach works with the connective tissue and fascial components by combining the techniques of Rolfing, postural integration and Aston patterning to free tension, remove adhesions and improve freedom of movement. It was introduced in 1985 by Dutch-born bodyworker and counselor Ted Looyen after he received treatment for a serious back injury and decided to develop a massage therapy that would promote recovery from injuries without aggravating the initial trauma. LooyenWork can also address the release and processing of intense emotions.

 Macrobiotics: An Eastern philosophy best known in the West for its dietary principles. Macrobiotic theory posits that there is a natural order to all things. By synchronizing our eating habits with the cycles of nature, we can achieve a fuller sense of balance within ourselves and with the world around us. Although not a specific diet, it emphasizes low-fat and high-fiber foods, whole grains, vegetables, sea vegetables and seeds, all cooked in accordance with macrobiotic principles.

Magnetic Field Therapy: Electromagnetic energy and the human body have a vital and valid interrelationship, making it possible to use magnetic field therapy as an aid in diagnosing and treating physical and emotional disorders. This process is reported to relieve symptoms and may, in some cases, retard the cycle of new diseases. Magnets and electromagnetic therapy devices are now being used to eliminate pain, facilitate the healing of broken bones and counter the effects of stress.

Manual Lymphatic Drainage: This gentle, non-invasive, rhythmical, whole-body massage aims to stimulate the lymphatic system to release excess fluid from loose connective tissues, thus helping to remove toxins. Lymph glands are part of the body’s defense against infection; blockage or damage within the system may lead to conditions such as edema, acne, inflammation, arthritis and sinusitis. By stimulating one of the body’s natural cleansing systems, it supports tissue health. It’s also been effective in assuaging lymphedema following mastectomy surgery. Learn more at VodderSchool.com and LymphNet.org.

Martial Arts: Systems of codified practices and traditions originally designed primarily for self-defense or combat. Now more often practiced as a sport, the martial arts have a strong emphasis on honor and self-discipline. The best-known martial arts originated in Asia and include aikido, karate, judo and taekwondo.

Massage Therapy: At its most basic, this ancient hands-on therapy involves rubbing or kneading the body to encourage relaxation, healing and well-being. Benefits also include increased circulation and detoxification and reduced physical and emotional stress. More than 100 methods of massage are available. Massage offers proven benefits to meet a variety of physical challenges and may also be a useful preventive therapy. Learn more at AMTAMassage.org.

Meditation: The intentional directing of attention to one’s inner self. Methods and practices to achieve a meditative state are based upon various principles using the body or mind and may employ control or letting-go mechanisms. Techniques include the use of imagery, mantras and observation, and the control of breathing. Research has shown that regular meditation can contribute to psychological and physiological well-being. As a spiritual practice, meditation is used to facilitate a mystical sense of oneness with a higher power or the Universe. It can also help reduce stress and alleviate stress-related ailments, such as anxiety and high blood pressure.

Midwife: A birth attendant who assists a woman through the prenatal, labor, birth and postpartum stages of pregnancy. The mother is encouraged to be involved and to feel in control of her birthing experience. Midwives are knowledgeable about normal pregnancy, labor, birth and pain relief options. They respect the process of birth as an innate and familiar process. Certified nurse-midwives are registered nurses who have received advanced training and passed a national certification exam. Nurse-midwives collaborate with physicians, as needed, especially when problems arise during pregnancy. (Also see Doula.)

Myofascial Release: This whole-body, hands-on technique seeks to free the body from the grip of tight fascia, or connective tissue, thus restoring normal alignment and function and reducing pain. Therapists use their hands to apply mild, sustained pressure in order to gently stretch and soften fascia. Developed in the late 1960s by Physical Therapist John Barnes, myofascial release is used to treat neck and back pain, headaches, recurring sports injuries and scoliosis. Learn more at MyofascialRelease.com.

Nambudripad’s Allergy Elimination Techniques (NAET): A non-invasive, drug free, natural modality that tests for and eliminates allergies. NAET uses a blend of selective energy balancing, testing and treatment procedures from acupuncture, acupressure, allopathy, chiropractic, kinesiology and nutritional medicine. One allergen is treated at a time.

Naturopathy: A comprehensive and eclectic system whose philosophy is based upon working in harmony with the body’s natural healing abilities. Naturopathy incorporates a broad range of natural methods and substances aimed to promote health. Training may include the study of specific approaches, including massage, manipulation, acupuncture, acupressure, counseling, applied nutrition, herbal medicine, homeopathy and minor surgery plus basic obstetrics for assistance with natural childbirth.

Network Chiropractic: Uses Network Spinal Analysis (NSA), a system of assessing and contributing to spinal and neural integrity, as well as health and wellness. Founded and developed by Donald Epstein. Practitioners employ gentle force to the spine to help the body eliminate mechanical tension in the neurological system. The body naturally develops strategies to dissipate stored tension/energy, thus enhancing self-regulation of tension and spinal interference. (Also see Chiropractic.)

Neuro-Emotional Technique (NET): This mind-body therapy seeks to restore well-being by removing certain biochemical and bioelectrical charges stored in the brain and manifested as illness or imbalances in the body. NET combines techniques and principles from traditional Chinese medicine, chiropractic and applied kinesiology to remove blocks to the body’s natural vitality, allowing it to repair itself naturally. Chiropractor Scott Walker formulated NET in the late 1980s. Learn more at NetMindBody.com.

 Neuro-Linguistic Programming (NLP): A systematic approach to changing the limiting patterns of thought, behavior and language. Through conversation, practitioners observe the client’s language, eye movements, posture, breathing and gestures, in order to detect and help change unconscious patterns linked to the client’s emotional state.

Neuro Muscular Kinesiology: A diagnostic system using muscle testing as a functional neurological evaluation. The methodology is concerned primarily with neuromuscular function as it relates to the structural, chemical and mental physiologic regulatory mechanisms. Kinesiology, which originated within the chiropractic profession, is an approach to clinical practice, with multidisciplinary applications. Kinesiology is a form of diagnosis that uses muscle testing as a feedback mechanism to examine how a person’s body is functioning. Since Kinesiology draws together elements from many diverse therapies, it provides a unified, interdisciplinary approach to health care.

NeuroMuscular Therapy (NMT): Specific massage therapy and flexibility stretching help balance the musculoskeletal and nervous systems, emphasizing the interwoven roles of the brain, spine and nerves in causing muscular pain. Its goal is to relieve tender, congested spots in muscle tissue and compressed nerves that may radiate pain to other areas of the body. (Also see trigger point/myotherapy.) Learn more at MyofascialTherapy.org.

Nutritional Analysis: Identifying nutrient challenges are critical because they can affect all body functions as well as organ, joint and bone stability. Proper nutrition, supported with whole food supplements, promotes overall health and provides the human body the building blocks for tissue repair, helping re-establish proper function throughout the body and aiding in all the body’s healing processes. To further support your health, whole food and herbal supplements may be added to your health care plan to maximize the benefits of your chiropractic treatments. Given the proper nutrition, your body has the amazing capability of keeping itself healthy. Nutrition should be individualized to meet each person’s needs. Whole food supplements along with herbal products are an important key to overall health and wellbeing.

Nutritional Counseling: Embracing a wide range of approaches, nutrition-based, complementary therapies and counseling seek to alleviate physical and psychological disorders through special diets and food supplements. These will be either macronutrients (carbohydrates, fats, proteins and fiber) or micronutrients (vitamins, minerals and trace elements that cannot be manufactured in the body). Nutritional therapy/counseling often uses dietary or food supplements, which can include tablets, capsules, powders or liquids.

Organic: In the United States, a product that has been produced in accordance with the Department of Agriculture’s National Organic Program, which sets national standards for the production, handling, and processing of organically grown agricultural products. Organic growing methods and inputs serve to enhance the ecological balance of natural systems. For example organic producers conserve soil and water, use renewable resources and grow food without the use of toxic and persistent pesticides and fertilizers. (See ams.usda.gov/NOP)

Ortho-Bionomy: A gentle, non-invasive system of healing, ortho-bionomy reminds the body of its natural ability to restore balance. British Osteopath Arthur Lincoln Pauls developed the technique to stimulate the body by using gentle movement, comfortable positioning, brief compression and subtle contact to relieve joint and muscle pain and reduce stress. Lean more at Ortho-Bionomy.org.

 Orthomolecular Medicine: Employs vitamins, minerals and amino acids to create nutritional content and balance in the body. Orthomolecular medicine targets a wide range of conditions, including depression, hypertension, cancer, schizophrenia and other mental and physiological disorders.

Orthotics: The profession of designing, manufacturing and/or selling devices that support or help correct musculoskeletal problems, either congenital or caused by illness or injury. Examples include back braces for scoliosis and shoe inserts for fallen arches.

Osho Rebalancing (or Rebalancing): This offshoot of Rolfing focuses on compassionate, gentle touch, combining deep tissue massage, joint tension release, energy balancing and verbal dialogue to relieve tension and physical pain, enhance relaxation and facilitate emotional healing. Rebalancing is usually done in a series of 10 to 12 sessions that work synergistically, although each session is complete in itself. Learn more at Osho.com.

 Osteopathy / Osteopathic Physicians: Osteopathy uses generally accepted physical, pharmacological and surgical methods of diagnosis and therapy, with a strong emphasis on body mechanics and manipulative methods to detect and correct faulty structure and function, in order to restore the body’s natural healing capacities. Doctors of Osteopathy (D.O.) are fully trained and licensed according to the same standards as medical doctors (M.D.) and receive additional extensive training in the body’s structure and functions.

Oxygen Therapies: Alters the body’s chemistry to help overcome disease, promote repair and improve overall function. Properly applied, oxygen may be used to treat a wide variety of conditions, including infections, circulatory problems, chronic fatigue syndrome, arthritis, allergies, cancer and multiple sclerosis. The major types of oxygen therapy used to treat illness are hyperbaric oxygen and ozone. Hydrogen peroxide therapy (oral or intravenous) can be dangerous and should be avoided.

 Pain Neutralization Technique (PNT): More advanced method for healing and elimination of pain generated from active inflamed trigger points within the body. PNT can be more effective than earlier trigger point release systems used by various professions and very often much less painful. The goal of PNT isn’t to manage trigger points by applying pressure on them or utilizing mechanical force to manage the trigger points, as do other systems, but applies neurological reflexes to switch them off. After we get to the right reflex the trigger point is shut off in just a few seconds. People are always surprised that tender areas can be eradicated in mere seconds and the painful sensation is gone, especially when they have been suffering for years.

 Passive Cooling: The use of building and design strategies to cool structures with no refrigeration systems and little or no mechanical assistance. Passive cooling strategies include low or high thermal mass materials (depending on nighttime temperatures), shading, reflecting, natural ventilation and evaporative cooling.

 Personal Fitness Trainer: A certified fitness professional who designs fitness programs for individuals desiring one-on-one training. The goal is to provide optimal fitness results in the privacy of one’s home or at another location, such as a club or office.

Pfrimmer Deep Muscle Therapy: A highly refined system of corrective treatment, Pfrimmer is designed to aid restoration of damaged muscles and soft tissues throughout the body. Fully trained practitioners use specified movements to stimulate circulation and help regenerate lymphatic flow, promoting detoxification and oxygenation of stagnant tissues. Registered Massage Therapist Therese C. Pfrimmer developed this therapy in the mid-20th century and applied it to recover from her own partial paralysis. Learn more at Pfrimmer.org.

 Phoenix Rising Yoga Therapy: This style helps release physical and emotional tension through assisted postures, breathing techniques and ongoing student/teacher dialogue. A deeper connection to the self is encouraged by incorporating traditional yoga techniques with contemporary psychology, which ultimately results in the healing of mind, body and spirit.

Physical Therapy: Traditional physical therapy evaluates difficulties with mobility or function to focus on rehabilitation that entails restorative treatment and instruction on how to make efficient use of the body in daily activities. Physical therapists use massage, exercise, electrical stimulation, ultrasound and other means to help the patient regain functional movement. Learn more at apta.org.

Pilates: Pilates, like yoga, yields long, lean, flexible muscles whose gracefully balanced movements readily translate into everyday activities like walking, sitting and bending. It is a structured system of small, isolated movements that demand powerful focus on every nuance of muscle action while working out on floor mats or machines. This technique emphasizes development of the torso’s abdominal power center, or core. Gentler than conventional exercises, it is excellent for overcoming injuries.

 Plug-in Hybrid: A plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV), like an HEV, has both an electric and gas-powered motor. Unlike HEVs, the PHEV will run entirely in electric mode until the electric charge expires, at which time a gas backup engine is started. Once returned to the garage, a PHEV can be plugged into a standard electrical outlet and recharged.

 Point Holding (Body Electronics): This variation of acupressure requires multiple practitioners to hold acupressure points, sometimes up to two hours, to remove energy blockages, balance the flow of energy within the body’s meridians and help the client achieve associated emotional release.

 Postural Integration (PI): This psychotherapy method simultaneously integrates deep tissue and breath work, body movement and awareness with emotional expression. Practitioners use gentle manipulation, bioenergetics, acupressure and Gestalt dialogue to help individuals increase their sense of emotional and physical well-being. Learn more at icpit.info.

 Power (Yoga): An intense style that creates heat and energy, while developing strength and flexibility. Power yoga evolved from ashtanga yoga and was developed by American Beryl Bender Birch in the early 1990s. Its flowing style requires the strength and stamina of Ashtanga, but doesn’t always follow the same sequence of postures, making it similar to Vinyasa style. Power yoga is usually performed in a heated room. Although Baron Baptiste is a name often associated with power yoga, he has developed his own method, called Baptiste Power Vinyasa yoga, which is taught only by teachers he certifies. Students who enjoy aerobics will probably favor power yoga.

Prolotherapy: A rejuvenating therapy that uses injections of natural substances to stimulate collagen growth, in order to strengthen weak or damaged joints, tendons, ligaments or muscles. Often used as a natural alternative to drugs and/or surgery to treat pain syndromes, including degenerative arthritis, lower back, neck and joint pain, carpal tunnel syndrome, migraine headaches, and torn ligaments and cartilage.

Qigong & Tai chi: Qigong and Tai chi combine movement, meditation and breath regulation to enhance the flow of vital energy (qi or chi, pronounced “chee”) in the body, improve circulation and enhance immune function. Qigong traces its roots to traditional Chinese medicine. Tai chi was originally a self-defense martial art descended from qigong and employed to promote inner peace and calm.

Raindrop Therapy: Based on a healing ritual of the Lakota Native Americans, in which warm fluid substances are dropped onto the spine, the intention is to relax and open the body’s energy centers. Modern raindrop therapy also blends aromatherapy, soothing heat and gentle massage. Essential aromatic oils are allowed to methodically drip onto the spine from a height of five or six inches. The oils are then gently brushed up the spine and lightly massaged over the rest of the back, followed by application of a hot compress to facilitate oil absorption and muscle relaxation.

 Rebirthing Breathwork: Also known as conscious connected breathing or vivation, rebirthing is a means to access and release unresolved emotions. The technique uses conscious, steady, rhythmic breathing, without pausing between inhaling and exhaling. Guided by a professional rebirther, clients re-experience past memories, including birth, and let go of emotional tension stored in the body.

Recycle: The act of diverting objects from the waste stream for the purpose of turning them into useful raw material that can be used to create new products and materials. Recycling is a closed loop process; materials that are diverted from the waste stream must be bought back by consumers in a successive product form.

 Reduce: The act of making deliberate reductions in consumption levels in several areas (e.g. energy, water, packaging, consumer goods, etc.) to conserve resources, reduce pollution and avoid waste.

 Reflexology (Zone Therapy): This is a natural healing method of pressure point massage used to relieve tension, pain and treat and cure illness by pressing on a part of a person’s head, hands, body or feet. Reflexology is based upon the principle that there are reflex points or zones that correspond to every part of the body. Correctly stimulating and applying pressure to these areas increases circulation and promotes specifically designated bodily and muscular functions. Learn more at Reflexology-USA.net.

Regression Therapies: Operate on the assumption that many physical, mental and emotional problems are extensions of unresolved problems from the past, such as childhood traumas. The practitioner uses hypnosis, or other altered states of consciousness, and relaxation techniques to access the source of “unfinished business”, and helps clients to analyze, integrate and release past traumas that are interfering with their current lives.

Reiki: A healing practice originated in Japan in the 1920s as a way of activating and balancing the life force present in all living things. Reiki means, “universal life force energy.” Light hand placements channel healing energies to organs and glands and work to align the body’s energy centers, or chakras. Various techniques address emotional and mental distress, chronic and acute physical problems and/or increases spiritual focus and clarity. Reiki is a valuable addition to the work of chiropractors, massage therapists, nurses and others in the West. Learn more at Reiki.org.

Renewable Energy: Energy generated from renewable resources is unlimited or rapidly replenished and therefore, cannot be exhausted. Includes power generated from wind, sunlight, water flow, biomass and geothermal heat.

 Reuse: The act of finding continuous uses for objects and materials in order to extend their useful life or substituting pre-owned durable goods for newly manufactured items.

 

Rolfing Structural Integration (Rolfing): Deep tissue manipulation of the myofascial system, which is composed of the muscles and the connective tissue, or fascia, by the practitioners’ hands helps restore the body’s natural alignment and sense of integration. As the body is released from old patterns and postures, its range and freedom of physical and emotional expression increases. Rolfing can help ease pain and chronic stress, enhance neurological functioning, improve posture and restore flexibility. Learn more at Rolfing.org.

Rosen Method: Named for Marion Rosen, a physiotherapist who discovered that when clients verbalized their emotions and sensations during treatment sessions, their conditions would more quickly improve. The non-invasive method uses gentle, direct touch; practitioners, taught to use hands that “listen”, rather than manipulate, focus on chronic muscle tension and call attention to shifts in the breath to help individuals achieve greater self-awareness and relaxation. The technique is often effectively used to treat chronic health conditions. Learn more at RosenMethod.com.

 Rubenfeld Synergy Method: This dynamic system for integrating the body, mind, emotions and spirit combines touch, talk and compassionate listening. Practitioners, called synergists, use gentle touch and verbal sharing to access each of these four levels simultaneously, releasing pain and fears held in the body/mind. The modality, created by Ilana Rubenfeld, who received a lifetime achievement award from the United States Association for Body Psychotherapy in 2002, facilitates pain management, ease of movement, positive body image and self-esteem, as well as recovery from physical and emotional trauma. Learn more at RubenfeldSynergy.com.

Shiatsu: The most widely known form of acupressure, shiatsu is Japanese for “finger pressure”. The technique applies varying degrees of pressure to balance the life energy that flows through specific pathways, or meridians, in the body. Shiatsu is used to release tension and strengthen weak areas in order to facilitate even circulation, cleanse cells and improve the function of vital organs; it also may help to diagnose, prevent and relieve many chronic and acute conditions that manifest on both physical and emotional levels. A branch of shiatsu that originated in the United States, called ohashiatsu, includes meditation and exercise. Learn more at ShiatsuSociety.org and Ohashiatsu.org.

Sivananda (Yoga): Cultivates awareness of mind and body by incorporating five main principles of proper exercise, breathing, relaxation and diet, as well as positive thinking and meditation. Based on the philosophy of Swami Sivananda, of India, the practice uses chanting, breathing techniques and meditation to help unblock energy and release stress. Sivananda focuses on 12 basic yoga postures to increase strength and spinal flexibility. It is an excellent practice for beginners, those recovering from injury or anyone interested in spiritual aspects of yoga.

 Smart Growth: Thoughtful land development designed to achieve a number of environmental and quality-of-life goals such as reducing auto dependence; preserving wilderness areas and farmland; and restoring community through pedestrian-oriented, mixed-used developments.

 Solar – Passive versus Active: Solar energy is the conversion of the sun’s rays to energy, very good for green living. Active solar technology uses electrical or mechanical equipment to convert the sun’s rays into usable energy for heating or whatever. Passive solar technology does not use any outside non-solar energy.

 Soma Neuromuscular Integration (also called Soma): Rooted in structural integration, soma was developed by Bill M. Williams, Ph.D., an early student of Ida Rolf. Through a 10-session format, the modality manipulates the fascia and muscles to release chronic, stored structural aberrations, realign the body and integrate the nervous system. This allows the individual to process experiences more effectively and with greater awareness, which can lead to enhanced learning and perceptual abilities. Learn more at Soma-Institute.org.

Somatic Therapy: Body-oriented healing.  Somatic therapy encompasses a wide variety of healing modalities which engage the physical body as a primary gateway to physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual healing. A partial list of somatic therapies includes Hakomi, SensoriMotor Psychotherapy, Somatic Experiencing, Radix, Feldenkrais, Trager, CranioSacral Therapy, SomatoEmotional Release, Myofascial Release, Rolfing, and Bioenergetics. Core principles of somatic therapies include the unity of mind and body, and the body as a storehouse of implicit memory and information.

Sound Healing: Employs vocal and instrumental tones, generated internally or externally. When sounds are produced with healing intent, they can create sympathetic resonance in the physical and energy bodies. Sound healing also is used to bring discordant energy into balance and harmony.

Spiritual Healing / Counseling: Practiced in two forms. In one, the healer uses thought or touch to align his or her spiritual essence with that of the client. The healer works to either balance the spiritual field or shift the perceptual base of the client to create harmony between mind and body and draw the client into the active presence of Divine Spirit. In the other, the healer transforms healing energy into a vibrational frequency that the client can receive and comfortably assimilate, reminding the person’s intuitive core of its inherent healing ability.

Sports Massage: The specialized field of sports massage employs a variety of massage techniques and stretching exercises designed to minimize the risk of injury, tend to sports injuries and support optimum performance.

Sustainable: This encompasses a way of living and acts which cause minimal long-term effect on the environment and maintain a steady level without exhausting natural resources or causing severe ecological damage. It includes doing something that maintains resource renewability and environmental health over time to meet both present and future needs.

Svaroopa (Yoga): A style that helps students discover their bliss. The Sanskrit word svaroopa means “the true nature of Being”, and Svaroopa yoga is sometimes called the yoga of alignment and compassion. Attention to alignment in specifically chosen poses helps to soften the body’s connective tissues and ease spinal tension. Blocks and bolsters may be used to allow for deeper muscle release. The style is suitable for beginners and useful for those recovering from injury.

 Swedish Massage: The most commonly practiced form of massage in Western countries. Swedish massage integrates ancient Oriental techniques with contemporary principles of anatomy and physiology. Practitioners rub, knead, pummel, brush and tap the client’s muscles, topped with long, gliding strokes. Swedish massage is especially effective for improving circulation; relieving muscle tension and back and neck pain; promoting relaxation; and decreasing stress. Practitioners vary in training, techniques and session lengths.

Tai Chi and Qigong: Tai chi and qigong combine movement, meditation and breath regulation to enhance the flow of vital energy (qi) in the body, improve circulation and enhance immune function. Qigong traces its roots to Traditional Chinese Medicine.and is often referred to as the mother of Tai Chi. When the gentle movements of Qigong mixed with the animal style martial arts, it became Tai Chi. Both practices promote calmness and harmony to reduce stress.

 Thai Massage: A form of body therapy, also called nuad bo-ram, Thai massage incorporates gentle rocking motions, rhythmic compression along the body’s energy lines and passive stretching to stimulate the free flow of energy, break up blockages and help restore general well-being. One of the branches of Traditional Thai Medicine (TTM), it is performed on a floor mat, with the client dressed in lightweight, comfortable clothing. No oils are used. Thai massage aids flexibility, inner organ massage, oxygenation of the blood and quieting of the mind. Learn more at Thai-Institute.com.

The Results System: A non-intrusive system using kinesiology (biofeedback via muscle testing) to identify and release body stressors at a cellular level, allowing the body to operate at the highest levels of efficiency possible. It may have a positive affect on conditions such as chemical imbalance, learning disorders, Attention Deficit Disorders and alcoholism.

 Therapeutic Touch (TT): This contemporary healing modality was developed by natural healer Dora Kunz and nursing professor Dolores Krieger, Ph.D., in the 1970s. Therapeutic Touch is drawn from ancient practices and used to balance and promote energy flow. The practitioner “accesses” the area where the body’s energy field is weak or congested, and then uses his or her hands to direct energy into the field to balance it. Nurses and other healthcare practitioners apply TT to relieve pain, stress and anxiety, and to promote wound healing. Learn more at TherapeuticTouch.org.

 Thermal-Acupressure Massage: The term generally applies to an automated bed or table in which the recipient lies down on their back. Beneath them, a series of Far-Infrared rollers move up and down the spinal column providing a spinal alignment while emitting healthy light energy rays that penetrate approximately two inches into the body stimulating cell activity and improving circulation to peripheral areas of the body while activating the lymphatic system (detoxification).

Thermography (Thermal Imaging): A diagnostic technique that uses an infrared camera to measure temperature variations on the surface of the body, producing images that reveal sites of inflammation and abnormal tissue growth. Inflammation is recognized as the earliest stage of nearly all major health challenges.

Thought Field Therapy (TFT): Promoted as a highly effective, non-invasive, healthy alternative to long-term or drug-related psychotherapy. Used for stress management and stress relief, as well as the reduction or elimination of anxiety and anxiety-related problems. TFT is designed to address the fundamental causes of specific problems, balancing the body’s energy system and eliminating most negative emotions within minutes, while promoting the body’s own healing ability.

 Total Body Modification- TBM: This very sophisticated system of kinesiological testing (muscle testing) enables the practitioner to discover imbalances or blockages related to reflex points on the body impairing optimum health and function. TBM is able to evaluate, reset and rebalance body reflex points associated with organs, muscles and systems. By stimulating these reflex points located along the spine, the practitioner is assisting the body in its desire to obtain healthy functional physiology.

Touch for Health (TFH): Created by Chiropractor John F. Thie in the 1970s, Touch for Health is a widely used kinesiology system aimed at restoring the body’s natural energies through acupressure, touch and massage. Muscle-testing biofeedback first identifies imbalances in the body’s energy flow to organs and glands; it is designed to then help rebalance that energy to improve overall health, while strengthening a person’s resistance to common ailments and physical complaints. Many TFH techniques can be successfully practiced by clients at home. Learn more at TouchForHealth.us.

Trager Approach (also known as Psychophysical Integration): This system of movement reeducation addresses the mental roots of muscle tension. By gently rocking, cradling and moving the client’s fully clothed body, the practitioner encourages him or her to believe that physically restrictive patterns can be changed. The Trager Approach includes “mentastics”, simple, active, self-induced movements a client can incorporate into regular daily activities. Trager work has been successfully applied to a variety of neuromuscular disorders and mobility problems, as well as everyday stresses and discomforts. Learn more at Trager.com.

Trauma Touch Therapy (TTT): An innovative, somatic approach, TTT addresses the needs of those that have suffered trauma and abuse, including sexual or emotional, witnessing or being victimized by violent crime, battery and war and surgical traumas. The intent is to create a safe, nurturing environment in which the individual can slowly explore healthy touch and investigate sensation and feeling in their body. Certified therapists encourage empowerment and choice; individualized sessions support the psychotherapeutic process.

 Tree Free: Paper products made from non-wood fibers, including plants (hemp, kenaf, cotton), agricultural waste (wheat straw, bagassee, flax, pinzote, coffee leaves) and recycled materials (old money, textile scraps).

Trigger Point Therapy (Myotherapy): This massage technique is used to relieve pain, similar to NeuroMuscular Therapy (NMT). Practitioners apply pressure to specific “trigger points” on the body—tender, congested spots of muscle tissue that may radiate pain to other areas—in order to release tension and spasms. Treatment decreases the swelling and stiffness associated with muscular pain and increases range of motion. Learn more at MyofascialTherapy.org.

 Tui Na: A manipulative therapy integral to Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), tui na (“tui” means to push and “na” is a squeezing, lifting technique) that employs Taoist and martial arts principles to re-balance the body. Practitioners possess more than 365 hand techniques; most are variations of pressing, rubbing, waving, shaking, percussing or manipulating movements. Tui na is used to relieve arthritic joint pain, sciatica, muscle spasms and other pains in the back, neck and shoulders. It may also help ease chronic conditions such as insomnia, constipation, headaches and stress associated with tension. Learn more at Tui-Na.com.

 Vegetarianism: The voluntary abstinence from eating meat and/or other animal products for religious, health and/or ethical reasons. Lacto-ovo vegetarians supplement their plant-based diet with dairy (lactose) products and eggs (ovo). Lacto vegetarians eat dairy products, but not eggs; ovo vegetarians include eggs, but no dairy; and vegans do not eat any animal-derived products.

Viniyoga (Yoga): A transformative, slower and more individualized form of yoga that emphasizes gentle flow and coordinated breath with movement. Viniyoga yoga is holistic in its approach and teaches the student how to apply the yoga tools of poses, chanting, breathing and meditation. Function is stressed over form in this style. Viniyoga is recommended for beginners and seniors, as well as those who are in chronic pain or healing from injury or disease.

Vinyasa (Yoga): A challenging style that matches breath to movement. Vinyasa yoga poses incorporate alignment principles and are woven together in a flowing practice that is both intense and dance-like. Translated from Sanskrit, vinyasa means “without obstacle”. This style is best suited for energetic, physically fit students.

 

V.O.C. : Volatile organic compounds; found in many paints, finishes, synthetic foams, adhesives and stains; readily evaporate to the atmosphere, where they contribute to air pollution and can be hazardous to human health.

Water Purification: The conventional process has been to remove undesirable chemicals, materials and biological contaminants from water supplies using various approaches such as distillation, reverse osmosis, absorption media like carbon filters, and photo-oxidation. New point-of-use processes take water purification to a healthier level. Through electrolysis, purified water is energized, ionized, alkalized, and restructured producing water with exceptional hydrating qualities, delivering nutrients more efficiently, and helping detoxify body cells.

Watsu (Water Shiatsu): This uniquely nurturing therapy combines the acupressure and meridian stretches of Zen Shiatsu with yoga-like postures, all performed in water; this takes weight off the vertebrae and allows for movements not possible on land. In the most basic move, the Water Breath Dance, the practitioner gently floats an individual in their arms, letting the person sink a little as they both breathe out, then allowing the water to lift them as they both breathe in. This connection is maintained in all the stretches and moves and returned to throughout the session. Pioneered by multilingual author Harold Dull in 1980, watsu’s goal is to free the spine and increase the flow of energy along the body’s meridians; he also developed tantsu, which replicates watsu’s nurturing stretches on land. Learn more at Watsu.com.

 Yoga: Practical application of the ancient Indian Vedic teachings. The word yoga is derived from the Sanskrit root yuj which means “union” or “to join”, and refers to the joining of a person’s physical, mental and spiritual elements. The goal of good health is accomplished through a combination of techniques, including physical exercises called asanas (or postures), controlled breathing, relaxation, meditation and diet and nutrition. Although yoga is not meant to cure specific diseases or ailments directly, it has been found effective in treating many physical ailments.

Individuals of every age and physical condition can benefit from the regular practice of yoga, which has been proved to enhance flexibility, strength, stamina and concentration. Using a combination of asanas, or postures, and breathing techniques, yoga works to induce deep relaxation and reduce stress, tone the body and organs, increase vitality and improve circulation and energy flow. Uplifting and meditative, yoga can be applied as a spiritual practice, as well.

Yoga Therapy: The application of yoga principles, methods and techniques to empower individuals to progress towards greater health and freedom from disease, represents a first effort to integrate traditional yogic concepts and techniques with Western medical and psychological knowledge. Yoga therapy aims at the holistic treatment of various kinds of psychological or somatic dysfunctions, ranging from emotional distress to back problems.

Zen Shiatsu: Founded by writer Shizuto Masunaga, this method of acupressure includes the practice of Buddhist meditation and integrates elements of shiatsu with the goal of rebalancing and revitalizing qi, or life-force energy. A client lies on a mat or sits in a chair, fully clothed, while the practitioner uses one hand to “listen” and the other to provide the appropriate pressure. Full-body stretches and pressures may be used to release areas of chronic stagnation and blockage; clients are encouraged to breathe deeply into their lines of tension. Zen Shiatsu can be effective in conditions where emotional disturbance or stress is an underlying factor.

Zen-Touch Shiatsu: This hybrid of shiatsu, acupressure and Asian/Eastern bodywork was created by American Seymour Koblin in 1984. It differs from other forms of shiatsu, including Zen Shiatsu, by its combined use of light, or “hands off the body,” energy work and extensive, passive stretching methods. Practitioners apply gentle pressure while stretching the client’s limbs gradually, maintaining an attitude of compassion, respect and energetic empathy that serves to stimulate the flow of chi, aiding circulation and vitality. Learn more at SeymourKoblin.com.

Zero- or Low-Energy Building: A zero-energy building has no net energy consumption when measured across a year’s time. It uses alternative energy sources like solar and wind power. Both zero- and low-energy buildings are great for green living.

Zero Balancing: Developed by Fritz Smith, a doctor, osteopath and acupuncturist, zero balancing addresses the relationship between energy and structures of the body. Practitioners use moderate finger pressure and gentle traction on areas of tension in the bones, joints and soft tissue to create fulcrums, or points of balance, around which the body can relax and reorganize. The goal is to clear blocks in the body’s energy flow, amplify vitality and contribute to better postural alignment. Learn more at ZeroBalancing.com.

 Please note: The contents of this Health & Wellness Glossary are for informational purposes only. The information is not intended to be used in place of a visit or consultation with a healthcare professional. Always seek out a practitioner who is licensed, certified or otherwise professionally qualified to conduct a selected treatment, as appropriate.

Sources: U.S. Department of Energy, U.S. Department of Agriculture, U.S. Green Building Council, GreenLivingGuide.com.